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 * Shaker Name:** Horace Mann


 * Basic Work:** In 1837, he was appointed head of the newly created board of education of Massachusetts. He held this position, and worked with intensity, holding teachers' conventions, delivering numerous lectures, and making changes towards a common school system. planning and inaugurating the Massachusetts "normal school system" in Lexington and Bridgewater, founding and editing //The Common School Journal// in 1838,


 * Key Work:** Most importantly, he worked effectively for more and better equipped school houses, longer school years (until 16 years old), higher pay for teachers and a wider curriculum. He also won financial backing for public school systems. In 1852, he supported governor Edward Everett in the decision to adopt the Prussian education system in Massachusetts. Shortly after Everett and Mann collaborated to adopt the Prussian system, the Governor of New York set up the same method in twelve different New York schools on a trial basis.The practical result of Mann's work was a revolution in the approach used in the common school system of Massachusetts, which in turn influenced the direction of other states.He is often considered "the father of American public education". He also won financial backing for public school systems


 * Key Personnel:** Edward Everett


 * Why/How a shaker?** Mann drastically changed the way in which school systems were operated throughout the entire northeast. He ran into opposition by many religious exteremists, and the Boston schoolmasters rejected his methods of teaching and his overall belief of a wider, more secular school system.


 * Links: http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/agexed/aee501/mann.html**